1 - 100 Solved Paediatric Nursing MCQ Test Questions Bank

1. When examining a 2-year-old child with an otoscope the nurse should
A. hold just the head and arms
B. hold the head straight
C. pull the pinna down and back
D. Pull the pinna up and back

2. Nursing care for a 7-year-old girl admitted with tetanus should be primarily directed towards
A. careful monitoring of urinary output
B. decreasing external stimuli
C. encouraging high intake of fluid
D. Giving adequate diet

3. Esther, 4 years, is rushed to the emergency ward convulsing, with the skin very hot to touch. What immediate step would you take to reduce the temperature?
A. Give her 5mls paracetamol syrup
B. Take the axillary temperature
C. Reassure the mother
D. Tepid sponge the child

4. When teaching an adolescent with Type I diabetes about dietary management, the nurse should instruct him to
A. Always carry a concentrated form of glucose
B. Eat all meals at home
C. Let parent prepare food separately for him
D. Weigh all food on a gram scale

5. An adolescent girl suffering from cancer is on antineoplastic drugs. The side effect of these drugs that requires early preparation of the patient is
A. Alopecia
B. constipation
C. generalized short-term paralysis
D. Retarded growth in height

6. An essential nursing action when caring for a small child with severe diarrhoea and vomiting is to
A. check weight daily
B. encourage oral fluids intake
C. keep body temperature below 38°C
D. Replace lost calories

7. During the teenage years, the nutrition focus emphasizes
A. fat intake
B. prevention of drug abuse
C. prevention of obesity
D. Self and body image

8. A 7-year-old boy has a fractured femur. He is put in P.O.P cast and is being discharged. What is the most important advice that the nurse must teach about the boy’s care?
A. Cast should be kept clean
B. Cast should not be touched for at least 12 hours
C. Circulation must be watched closely
D. Pain should be assessed every 4 hours

9. A 7-year-old boy is admitted to the kids ward with suspected right-sided pneumonia. The appropriate position for the child would be
A. head of bed elevated 10°
B. in a prone position
C. in supine position
D. Turned on the right side

10. A one-year-old girl is admitted to the ward diagnosed with dysentery. On discharge, what is the most important information the nurse must impart to the mother?
A. As soon as the child has diarrhoea place her on NPO for 8 hours
B. Do not wait for so long the next time before you bring the child to the hospital
C. Observe good hygiene to reduce faeco-oral spread
D. Start with anti-diarrhoea medication before bringing the child to hospital

11. The purpose of traction for children with fracture is to
A. Make the bone grow faster
B. Prepare the area for surgery
C. Prevent future fractures
D. Realign bone fragments

12. To promote absorption of an iron supplement it should be administered
A. During meal
B. Immediately before meals
C. Two hours after meals with orange juice
D. Two hours after meals with milk

13. The side effects of oral iron therapy include
I. Blackened stools
II. Darkened teeth
III. Darkening of the skin
IV. Gastric irritation
A. I, II and III
B. I, II and IV
C. II, III and IV
D. I, II, III and IV

14. A child with lymphatic leukaemia has a very low platelets count. An appropriate nursing intervention would be to
A. discourage active play to avoid getting hurt
B. Encourage a high fibre diet
C. Keep the child isolated to avoid infection
D. Provided frequent rest periods

15. What signs and symptoms would you expect in a 3-year-old girl diagnosed with diabetes mellitus?
A. Bed-wetting, increased thirst, huger, weight gain
B. Bed-wetting, lethargy, poor appetite, weight loss
C. Increased hunger, thirst, weight gain
D. Weight loss, bed-wetting, lower leg cramping

16. Nursing care that helps to prevent sickle cell crisis is
A. careful observation of all vital signs
B. high iron, low fat, high-protein diet
C. limitation of activity
D. Protection from infection

17. A 6-year-old girl is admitted with sickle cell crisis. Priority nursing concerns would be
A. Hydration and pain management
B. Nutrition and antibiotics
C. Nutrition and hydration
D. Pain management and antibiotics

18. The nurse would explain to a mother whose child has been given tetanus toxoid that the injection will confer
A. Life-long active natural immunity
B. Life-long passive immunity
C. Long-lasting active immunity
D. Temporary passive natural immunity

19. A common finding on most children with cardiac abnormalities
A. A family history of cardiac abnormalities
B. Cyanosis and clubbing of finger tips
C. Delayed physical growth
D. Mental retardation

20. When administering IV fluids to a dehydrated infant the most critical factor confronting the nurse is the
A. Assurance of sterility
B. Calculation of fluid volume to be infused
C. Maintenance of the fluid at body temperature
D. Maintenance of the prescribed rate of flow

21. Before administering a tube feeding to an infant the nurse should
A. Irrigate the tube with water
B. Place the baby in the recumbent position
C. Provide the baby with a pacifier
D. Slowly instil 10ml of formula

22. An 18-months girl on admission with severe asthmatic attack is put on prednisone 15mg tid. The nurse should
A. Check the child’s eosinophils count daily
B. Ensure the child rests as much as possible
C. Keep the child NPO except for medication
D. Prevent exposing the child to infection

23. The primary task to be accomplished by an infant between 12 and 15 months of age is to learn to
A. Climb stairs
B. Say simple words
C. Use a spoon
D. Walk erect

24. Which of the following will make you suspect that a child with measles is developing bronchopneumonia?
A. Increased pulse rate
B. Increased respiration
C. Redness of eyes
D. Wheezing

25. Growth and development of the infant is influenced by
I. Environment
II. Heredity
III. Nutrition
IV. Religion
A. I and II
B. II and IV
C. I, III and IV
D. I, II and III

26. Which of the under listed drugs will you get ready for use when a child is brought to the emergency room with convulsion?
A. Ampicillin
B. Chloroquine
C. Hydrocortisone
D. Phenobarbital

27. How would you reduce anxiety in a child on admission?
I. Changing nurses daily
II. Confining child to bed
III. Involving parents in the care
IV. Seeing familiar faces daily
A. I and II
B. I and III
C. III and IV
D. I, II and III

28. Who should sign the consent form of an 11-year old boy for operation?
A. Parents after explanation
B. Relative of the child
C. Sister in charge
D. The child after careful explanation

29. The most influential factor negatively affecting the health status of children is
A. Chronic illness
B. Family predisposition to illness
C. Poverty
D. Prematurity

30. The mouth of an infant who has thrush will be managed by
I. Administration of nystatin suspension
II. Brushing the teeth
III. Gently removing the white patches
IV. Saline swabbing of mouth
A. I and IV
B. II and III
C. I, II and III
D. II, III and IV

31. What action would a nurse take when a child refuses to take his medication?
A. Coax or plead with him to take it
B. Let him see other children taking their medication
C. Tell him that you will give him an injection
D. Urge him to take it to make him well

32. Which of the following is an early complication of meningitis?
A. Cerebral oedema
B. Deafness
C. Hydrocephalus
D. Paralysis

33. The clinical manifestations of a child with marasmus include
I. Good appetite
II. Miserable looking
III. Oedema
IV. Wasting
A. I and II
B. I, II and IV
C. I, III and IV
D. II and IV

34. An 8-year old boy on admission with sickle cell crisis is for discharge. The education you would give to the child and parents should include
I. Ensuring that prescribed drugs are taken daily
II. Sleeping at least 14 hours a day
III. Taking balanced diet
IV. Taking plenty of nourishing fluids
A. I and II
B. I, II and III
C. II, III and IV
D. I, III and IV

35. Factors contributing to normal growth before and after birth include
I. Nutrition
II. Sex hormones
III. Trophic hormones
IV. Weight of mother
A. I and II
B. I, II and III
C. I and III
D. I, II and IV

36. Which of the following sets of symptoms will suggest that a child is suffering from meningitis?
A. Fever, headache, vomiting, opisthotonus
B. Fever, headache, trismus, opisthotonus
C. Fever, headache, trismus, spasms
D. Photophobia, trismus, headache, opisthotonus

37. What is the immediate priority in the nursing care of a 6-year-old child admitted with pneumonia?
A. Elimination
B. Exercise
C. Nutrition
D. Rest

38. A mother of 6 months old child wants to know what foods are introduced first. The answer would be
A. Cereal and soft boiled egg for breakfast
B. Milled rice, cereal and mashed fruits
C. Meat, fish then add fruits and vegetables
D. Sweets such as fruits and vegetables

39. What care would you give to a baby undergoing phototherapy?
I. Ensure adequate fluid intake
II. Ensure maximum skin exposure
III. Maintain the baby’s temperature
IV. Protect the eyes from light
A. I, II and III
B. I, II and IV
C. I, III and IV
D. I, II, III and IV

40. In nursing an unconscious child your objective is to
I. Ensure the child is safe and comfortable
II. Maintain hydration, nutrition and excretion
III. Prevent complications
IV. Stimulate the child
A. I, II and III
B. I, II and IV
C. I, III and IV
D. I, II, III and IV

41. After circumcision of a newborn male, the most essential immediate post-operative thing to observe is:
A. Decreased urinary output
B. Haemorrhage
C. Infection
D. Shrill or piercing cry

42. The physician should be informed of the following observation in a 7-year-old child with fractured femur with full leg cast.
A. Cast still damp and warm after 24 hours
B. Increased urinary output
C. Inability to move the toe
D. Pedal pulse of 90 b/m

43. The following criterion is most likely to be used by the physician to select drug for a 6-year-old with pneumonia:
A. Child tolerance of the drug
B. Physician’s preference for the drug
C. Selectivity of the causative organism
D. Sensitivity of the causative organism

44. The earliest sign of sexual maturity in young girls between 9 to 12 years is:
A. Attention to grooming
B. Increase in size of the breast
C. Interest in opposite sex
D. The appearance of axillary and pubic hair

45. In leukaemia the following occur EXCEPT:
A. Decreased platelets
B. Increased white blood cell production
C. Liver remains normal
D. Normal bone marrow is replaced with blast cells

46. The phallic stage in Freud’s psychosexual development is between the ages of:
A. 1 to 3 years
B. 3 to 5 years
C. 3 to 6 years
D. 6 to 8 years

47. The nurse understands that in patent ductus arteriosus, blood shunts:
A. Aorta into the pulmonary artery
B. Inferior vena cava to left atrium
C. Left atrium to right atrium
D. Pulmonary artery to the aorta

48. A three-year-old child who has ingested bleach will exhibit the following EXCEPT:
A. Anxiety
B. Drooling
C. Severely burning pain in the mouth
D. Cyanosis

49. A viral infection in a child characterized by red blotchy rash and Koplik’s spots is known as:
A. Chicken pox
B. Diphtheria
C. Measles
D. Pertussis

50. In caring for a child with superficial burns, the following actions are taken EXCEPT:
A. Break the blisters before dressing
B. Clean the area
C. Cover area with sterile dressing
D. Serve analgesics

51. When responding to a call of a visually impaired child on admission, it is important for the nurse to
A. Address the child when she enters the room
B. Respond to the call promptly
C. Send an orderly to attend to the child
D. Touch the child before speaking to him or her

52. The nurse would assess the following in an infant with hydrocephalus
A. Abdominal girth
B. Fontanels
C. Urinary output
D. Vital signs

53. The most critical factor in the immediate care of an infant after repair of cleft lip is
A. Administration of drugs to reduce oral secretions
B. Administration of intravenous infusion
C. Maintenance of patent airway
D. Prevention of vomiting

54. How long after birth does physiological jaundice usually occur?
A. 24 hours
B. 48 hours
C. 72 hours
D. 1 week

55. Rhesus incompatibility usually occurs when the mother
A. And foetus are both rhesus
B. And foetus are both rhesus positive
C. Is rhesus negative and foetus is rhesus positive
D. Is blood group O and foetus is group AB

56. The first step in the management of toxic substances is
A. Administer appropriate antidote
B. Administer supportive and symptomatic care
C. Prevent further absorption
D. Remove obvious remnants

57. The following is the best way to detect fluid retention in a child with nephrotic syndrome
A. A measurement of abdominal girth daily at the same time
B. Monitoring of the amount of 24 hours urine collected daily at same time
C. Monitoring of child’s weight daily at the same time
D. None of the above

58. Which of the following disease conditions results from vitamin B1 deficiency?
A. Beriberi
B. Mumps
C. Pellagra
D. Scurvy

59. In assessing a 2-month-old infant, the nurse expects the child to
A. Bang hold objects together
B. Raise hand chest and can hold in position
C. Roll from supine to prone position
D. Sit alone, uses hands for support

60. At which age in the developmental stages is an infant expected to have first tooth eruption?
A. 3-4 months
B. 5-9 months
C. 10-12 months
D. 13-18 months

61. An infant with birth weight 2,500mg without regards to gestational age is termed as
A. Intra uterine growth retardation
B. Low birth rate
C. Preterm
D. Small for date

62. Which of the following is a causative organism for pemphigus neonatorum?
A. Candida albican
B. Staphylococcus aureus
C. Streptococcus
D. Varicella zoster

63. In caring for a child with sickle cell crisis the most important nursing intervention would be
A. Give iron supplement
B. Maintenance of adequate nutrition
C. Prevention of infection
D. Relief of pain

64. When teaching a mother how to administer eye drop to a 5-year old child the nurse should ask her to place the drop
A. Anywhere that makes contact with the eye surface
B. Inside the lower eyelid
C. On the sclera as the child looks to the side
D. Under the upper eyelid

65. A 5-month old child develops severe diarrhoea and has been put on IV fluids. The nurse must observe the rate of flow to
A. Avoid fluid getting into the tissue
B. Prevent cardiac overload
C. Prevent increased urinary output
D. Replace all fluids lost

66. A child in sickle cell crisis will need the following
I. Analgesic
II. Exercise
III. Plenty of fluid
IV. Warmth
A. II and II
B. II and IV
C. IV and I
D. I, III and IV

67. The nurse suspects bleeding when a child who has had tonsillectomy
A. Becomes pale
B. Complains of thirst
C. Coughs persistently
D. Swallows frequently

68. Which of the following will make you suspect that a child with measles is developing bronchopneumonia?
A. Increased pulse rate
B. Increased respiration
C. Redness of eye
D. Wheezing respiration

69. The nurses’ immediate action when a child is rushed in with severe diarrhoea and vomiting will be
I. Keep child warm in bed
II. Prepare trolley for intravenous infusion
III. Reassure mother of safety of the child in the hospital
IV. Start oral rehydrated therapy
A. I and II
B. II and IV
C. II, III and IV
D. I, II, III and IV

70. How would you reduce anxiety in a child on admission?
I. Changing nurse daily
II. Confining child to bed
III. Involving parents in the care
IV. Seeing familiar faces daily

A. I and II
B. I and III
C. III and IV
D. I, II and III

71. The presence of parents during painful procedure on their toddler should be
A. Based on individual assessment of the parent
B. Based on the type of procedure to be performed
C. Discouraged for the benefit of the parent and the child
D. Encouraged and permitted if the child desires their presence

72. The most important nursing intervention for a 3-year old child with nephrotic syndrome is
A. Encourage fluids
B. Maintaining bed rest
C. Prevention of infection
D. Regulating the diet

73. Which of the following children should a nurse in the out-patient department see first?
A. An 18-month-old with jaundice
B. A 4-year-old with nephrotic syndrome
C. 12-month-old with febrile convulsion
D. 2-year-old with sickle cell crisis

74. A 6-year-old child is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. An immediate priority in the child’s nursing care would be
A. Nutrition
B. Medication
C. Reassurance
D. Rest

75. When caring for a neonate with an imperforate anus, the nurse should observe the urine for
A. Acetone
B. Bile
C. Blood
D. Meconium

76. A child with acute leukaemia is put on prednisolone and other drugs. One side effect of prednisolone is
A. Alopecia
B. Anorexia
C. Mood changes
D. Weight loss

77. One of the complications of pinworm infections is
A. Appendicitis
B. Hepatitis
C. Pneumonia
D. Stomatitis

78. A child sitting on a chair in the playroom begins a tonic seizure with a clenched jaw. What should the nurse do?
A. Attempt to open the jaw
B. Lower the child to the floor
C. Place a large pillow under the head
D. Shout for assistance

79. A primary task to be accomplished between 12 and 15 months of age is to start
A. Climbing stairs
B. Say simple words
C. Use a cup
D. Walk erect

80. The following are common childhood communicable diseases EXCEPT
A. Measles
B. Pneumonia
C. Tuberculosis
D. Whooping cough

81. An infant should be able to hold its head erect at
A. 1 month
B. 2 month
C. 3 month
D. 4 month

82. Permanent dentition begins at/around what age (in years)
A. 2 years
B. 4 years
C. 6 years
D. 8 years

83. If a child develops a reaction during blood transfusion the nurse should
A. Call the paediatrician
B. Relief symptoms with drugs
C. Slow the flow rate
D. Stop the transfusion

84. A 9-year-old boy with acute lymphocyte leukaemia having prednisolone and vincristine complains of constipation. What is the cause of the constipation?
A. Enlarged spleen obstructing the bowel
B. Leukaemia mass obstructing the bowel
C. Side effect of vincristine
D. Toxic effect of prednisolone

85. Kojo who has tetralogy of Fallot usually squats when he is dyspnoeic. The squatting relieves the symptoms by
A. Allowing maximal chest expansion and oxygenation
B. Delaying venous return to the heart
C. Increasing the production of red blood cells
D. Increasing venous return to the heart

86. A sudden onset of enuresis in a previously dry child is indicative of
A. Emotional stress
B. Nephritis
C. Nephrotic syndrome
D. Pyelonephritis

87. Which of the following parts will you use when giving an injection to a 6-month-old?
A. Anterior thigh
B. Deltoid muscle
C. Dorsogluteal
D. Lateral parts of the thigh

88. In examining a 2-year-old child with an otoscope the nurse
A. Holds just the head and arms
B. Holds the head straight
C. Pulls the pinna down and back
D. Pulls the pinna up and back

89. A child in sickle cell crisis will need the following
I. Analgesic
II. Exercise
III. Plenty of fluids
IV. Warmth
A. I and IV
B. II and III
C. II and IV
D. I, III and IV

90. The earliest sign of respiratory distress in a young infant is
A. Cyanosis
B. Grunting
C. Rapid respiration
D. Sternal and subcostal retraction

91. The nurse suspects bleeding when a child who has had tonsillectomy
A. Becomes pale
B. Complains of thirst
C. Coughs persistently
D. Swallows frequently

92. A vital disease that affects the motor cell of the anterior horn of the spinal cord is
A. Chicken pox
B. Poliomyelitis
C. Rubella
D. Shingles

93. High concentration of oxygen to small infants may cause blindness from
A. Corneal ulceration
B. Iridocyclitis
C. Retinoblastoma
D. Retrolental fibroplasia

94. The vomitus in pyloric stenosis is not bile stained because
A. The bile duct is obstructed
B. The obstruction is above the opening of the common bile duct
C. The obstruction of the cardiac sphincter prevents bile from entering the oesophagus
D. The sphincter of the bile duct is connected to the hypertrophied pyloric muscle

95. Which of the following blood disorders are found in children?
I. Haemophilia
II. Sickle cell disease
III. Spherocytosis
IV. Thalassaemia
A. I and II
B. I, II and IV
C. I, II and III
D. I, II, III and IV

96. The cardiac defects associated with Fallot's tetralogy include
A. Abnormal connection between the pulmonary artery and the aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy and atrial septal defect
B. Origin of the aorta from the right ventricle and of the pulmonary artery from the left ventricle
C. Right ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular septal defects, and stenosis of pulmonary artery from the left ventricle
D. Right ventricular hypertrophy, atrial and ventricular defect and mitral valve stenosis

97. A frequent finger pricks and daily injections may be distressing to a diabetic child. How can you help the child to adjust and adapt?
I. Always reward after an injection with a cuddle or praise
II. Always tell the child what is going to happen to promote trust
III. Never surprise an unprepared child with a syringe
IV. Understand her distress and encourage her to talk about it if she wishes
A. I and II
B. I and III
C. II, III and IV
D. I, II, III and IV

98. Hypospadias is a congenital malformation in which the urethra in the male
A. Fails to develop
B. Fails to open
C. Opens on the lower surface of the penis
D. Opens on the upper surface of the penis

99. An 8 year old child with sickle cell disease is admitted with a vaso-occlusive crisis. Priority nursing concerns would be
A. Hydration and pain management
B. Nutrition and antibiotics
C. Nutrition and hydration
D. Pain management and antibiotics

100. The following are findings needed to diagnose hookworm infestation EXCEPT
A. Anaemia
B. Hookworm ova in the stool
C. Pus in the stool
D. Positive occult blood test